Ukuxhaphaka kwesifo sikaParkinson kwidolophu esezintabeni eziphakathi ePeru: Uphononongo olusekelwe kubemi 

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Olu phononongo lubonelela ngoqikelelo olusekelwe kuluntu lokuxhaphaka kwesifo sikaParkinson eJauja, idolophu ekumbindi weAndes ePeru, kusetyenziswa indlela yokungena kwindlu ngendlu enamanqanaba amabini. I-PD sisifo sesibini esixhaphakileyo se-neurodegenerative kwihlabathi liphela, kodwa idatha ye-epidemiological evela eLatin America, ingakumbi kwimimandla yase-Andean, isancinci. Olu phononongo lujongana naloo msantsa ngokugxila kuluntu olungafumani ncedo olupheleleyo oluneempawu ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo kunye nezentlalo. 

Sihlole abantu abayi-1,960 sisebenzisa indlela yezigaba ezibini: isigaba soku-1 sasiquka uhlolo lwendlu ngendlu kunye nephepha lemibuzo elilungiselelwe izinto ezi-9 ze-Parkinsonism, kwaye isigaba sesi-2 sasibandakanya ukuqinisekiswa kweengxaki zemithambo-luvo ezikrokrelwayo ziingcali zeengxaki zokuhamba. Amatyala angama-21 e-PD achongiwe, ali-16 ngesicwangciso sohlolo, nto leyo eveze ukuxhaphaka okungama-816 kubantu abayi-100,000 kunye nokuxhaphaka okulinganiselweyo kweminyaka engama-566 kubantu abayi-100,000. Olu qikelelo luhambelana neengxelo zehlabathi kodwa ludlula olo luchazwe ngaphambili kwi-Andean Latin America. Ukuxhaphaka kwanda kakhulu ngokweminyaka, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-80, nto leyo eqinisa ukwaluphala njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo ebangela umngcipheko. 

Isiphumo esiphambili yayikukuba amatyala ali-10 kwali-21 e-PD asandul’ ukufunyanwa, nto leyo egxininisa ukungafumani ngqwalasela ingako kulo mmandla. Ukufikelela okuncinci kunyango olukhethekileyo lwe-neurological, ulwazi oluphantsi lwezifo, kunye nokutolikwa kweempawu zentshukumo zentlalo njengenxalenye yokwaluphala okuqhelekileyo kunokubangela ukuba uxilongo lucothiswe. Ukungabikho kweengcali ze-neurological kunye nokuxhomekeka kunyango oluphambili kunokubangela ukuba kubekho umsantsa woxilongo. 

Ngokwezonyango, uninzi lwezigulane lubonakalise iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-PD, kunye nokungcangcazela njengophawu oluqhelekileyo lokuqala. Ukuhlolwa kwengqondo kubonise amanqaku aphantsi e-MoCA, nto leyo ebonisa umthwalo omkhulu wokukhubazeka; nangona kunjalo, olu fumaniso kufuneka lutolikwe ngononophelo xa kujongwa iimpembelelo zemfundo nezenkcubeko ezinokubakho. Ukuxhaphaka kwamadoda okuphawulekayo kwi-PD kwabonwa; iinkcazo ezinokubakho ziquka umahluko ekuchatshazelweni emsebenzini kunye nokufikelela kunyango, nangona ezi zingakhange zihlolwe ngokusesikweni. 

Ukuvezwa kokusingqongileyo kuhlolwe phakathi kwamatyala e-PD: uninzi lwawo lwaluhlala kufutshane nemisebenzi yezolimo kwaye amanye axele ukuba asebenzisa izibulali-zinambuzane; nangona kunjalo, ezi ziphumo zisaqhubeka nophando ngenxa yoyilo lophando kunye nokungabikho kweqela lolawulo. Ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo akuzange kuchonge iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezifo kwiizakhi zofuzo eziziwayo ezinxulumene ne-PD, okuxhasa imeko yesifo esineefaktha ezininzi. 

Olu phononongo lukwagxininisa imingeni yezendlela kunye neyenkcubeko yokwenza uphando lwe-epidemiological kwiindawo zase-Andean, kubandakanya ukungathembani kwimisebenzi yophando kunye nemiqobo ekuthatheni inxaxheba. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, izinga lempendulo yokuqinisekiswa kwe-neurological yayiyi-60%, kwaye ukungaphenduli kusenokuba kukhokelele ekungathathelweni ingqalelo kobukho bokwenyani. 

Ukuqukumbela, ukuxhaphaka kwe-PD kweli qela lase-Andean kubonakala kufana noqikelelo lwehlabathi kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba akuqatshelwa kakuhle ngenxa yokwahluka kwezempilo. Ukuphucula ukufikelela kunyango lwemithambo-luvo, ukwandisa ulwazi, kunye nokusebenzisa amaqhinga ophando oluhlengahlengisiweyo ngokwenkcubeko kufuneka kubekwe phambili kwiindawo ezingafumani ncedo lwaneleyo. 

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