Uluhlu lweentshukumo zolwimi ezingaqhelekanga: Uphononongo lwe-phenomenology, i-etiology, kunye nokuxilongwa kokwahluka

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Ukuqonda nokwahlulahlula iintshukumo zolwimi ezingaqhelekanga kunzima ngenxa yoluhlu lweentshukumo ezinokwenzeka kwaye kuba zihlala zifihliwe ngexesha lovavanyo oluqhelekileyo. Ukuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo kwe-phenomenology kunokubonisa ukuxilongwa okuthile. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhlelwa ngokucwangcisiweyo kweentshukumo zolwimi akukafumaneki okwangoku.  

Ukulungisa esi sikhewu, senze uphononongo olupheleleyo lweencwadi ezigxile kwizifo apho iintshukumo zolwimi ezingaqhelekanga zaziyeyona nto iphambili okanye eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwiklinikhi. Nanini na xa zifumaneka, iividiyo ezipapashiweyo zazihlolwa ukuqinisekisa i-phenomenology exeliweyo, kwaye kwafakwa nezinye iimeko zokubonisa ezivela kwi-Toronto Western Hospital Movement Disorders Clinic. Sidibanise ezi ziphumo kwiindidi ze-move disorder disorder eziquka ukungcangcazela, i-myoclonus, i-dystonia, i-chorea, i-myorhythmia, kunye ne-enomenologies engaqhelekanga okanye enzima ukuyihlela. Enyanisweni, ngenxa yokuba ulwimi "luyi-hydrostat yemisipha" ekwaziyo iintshukumo ezinzima kakhulu, ukuhlelwa kwe-move disorder yendabuko akusoloko kuchaza ngokwaneleyo iingxaki zalo. 

Iimpawu ezithile zokushukuma kolwimi zinokubonisa izizathu ezahlukeneyo ezisisiseko. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-etiological zihlulwe ngokwe-phenomenology ephepheni. Eminye imizekelo ephawulekayo ibandakanya: I-Myoclonus yolwimi inokubonwa kwi-multiple system atrophy, ngelixa i-craniofacial myoclonus kufuneka iphakamise ukurhanelwa kwetyhefu ye-amantadine, ngakumbi kwizigulana ezinengxaki yezintso. I-Tongue myorhythmia sisalathiso esibalulekileyo kwizifo ezifana nesifo sikaWhipple kunye nesifo se-anti-IgLON5. I-Dystonia inokuvela kwizifo zemfuza ezibandakanyeka kakhulu kwi-orofaciolingual kubandakanya i-X-linked dystonia parkinsonism, i-Lesch-Nyhan syndrome kunye nesifo sikaWilson. I-Tongue chorea ichazwa ngokwesiko kwi-tardive dyskinesia kodwa inokubonwa nakwi-autoimmune encephalitis efana ne-anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis.  

Olu phononongo lukwagxininisa ukubaluleka kokuhlola ulwimi rhoqo ngexesha lovavanyo lwemithambo-luvo. Ngenxa yokuba ulwimi lufihliwe, iintshukumo ezingaqhelekanga zihlala zingafumaneki ngaphandle kokuba zihlolwe ngokukodwa xa uphumle, ngexesha lokuphuma, intetho, kunye neentshukumo ezikhawulezayo ecaleni (ukuvavanya i-bradykinesia). Uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lunokubonisa i-fasciculations, i-bradykinesia, ukungcangcazela, i-dystonia, okanye ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezibonelela ngeempawu ezibalulekileyo zokuxilonga. Izakhiwo ezikufutshane kuquka i-palate, i-larynx, imilebe, izicubu ezingaphakathi komlomo, isilevu, kunye nomhlathi nazo kufuneka zihlolwe. 

Esinye seziphumo eziphambili zolu phononongo kukuba amagama ajikeleze iintshukumo zolwimi awahambelani. Amagama anemibala afana nelithi “ulwimi lwetrombone,” “ulwimi oluhambahambayo,” kunye nelithi “ulwimi oluyinyoka” asetyenziswe ukuchaza iipatheni zentshukumo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko eli gama linye lisetyenziswe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo ezenzekayo. Ngoko ke sikhuthaza iingxelo zexesha elizayo ukuba zigxile kwiinkcazo ezineenkcukacha zentshukumo ebonweyo kwaye zibandakanye uxwebhu lwevidiyo olusemgangathweni ophezulu.  

Ngokubanzi, olu phononongo lubonelela ngesakhelo esisebenzayo sokuqonda, ukwahlulahlula, kunye nokutolika iintshukumo zolwimi ezingaqhelekanga kwindlela yokwelapha. 

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